2020 |
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![]() | Stenekes, Sydney; Parlee, Brenda; Seixas, Cristiana Sustainability, 12 (7923), 2020. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: community-based monitoring, freshwater ecosystems, indicators, social-ecological change, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) @article{Stenekes2020, title = {Culturally Driven Monitoring: The Importance of Traditional Ecological Knowledge Indicators in Understanding Aquatic Ecosystem Change in the Northwest Territories’ Dehcho Region}, author = {Sydney Stenekes and Brenda Parlee and Cristiana Seixas}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/su12197923}, doi = {10.3390/su12197923}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-09-24}, journal = {Sustainability}, volume = {12}, number = {7923}, abstract = {There is growing concern about the sustainability of freshwater ecosystems in northern Canada that are under significant stress from climate change, resource development, and hydroelectric development, among others. Community-based monitoring (CBM) based on traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) has the potential to contribute to understanding impacts on the environment and community livelihoods. This paper shares insights about culturally driven monitoring, through collaborative research with Kátł’odeeche First Nation (KFN) in the Northwest Territories. This research was initiated in 2018 to improve understanding of the changes occurring in the Hay River and Buffalo River sub-basins, which extend primarily across the Alberta and Northwest Territories borders. Drawing on 15 semi-structured interviews conducted with KFN elders, fish harvesters, and youth, this paper illustrates the kinds of social–ecological indicators used by KFN to track changes in the health of aquatic systems as well as the fishing livelihoods of local people. Utilizing indicators, fishers observe declines in fish health, water quality, water quantity, and ice thickness in their lifetime. Community members perceive these changes to be a result of the cumulative effects of environmental stressors. The indicators as well as trends and patterns being observed and experienced can contribute to both social learning in the community as well as the governance of the larger Mackenzie River Basin.}, keywords = {community-based monitoring, freshwater ecosystems, indicators, social-ecological change, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK)}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } There is growing concern about the sustainability of freshwater ecosystems in northern Canada that are under significant stress from climate change, resource development, and hydroelectric development, among others. Community-based monitoring (CBM) based on traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) has the potential to contribute to understanding impacts on the environment and community livelihoods. This paper shares insights about culturally driven monitoring, through collaborative research with Kátł’odeeche First Nation (KFN) in the Northwest Territories. This research was initiated in 2018 to improve understanding of the changes occurring in the Hay River and Buffalo River sub-basins, which extend primarily across the Alberta and Northwest Territories borders. Drawing on 15 semi-structured interviews conducted with KFN elders, fish harvesters, and youth, this paper illustrates the kinds of social–ecological indicators used by KFN to track changes in the health of aquatic systems as well as the fishing livelihoods of local people. Utilizing indicators, fishers observe declines in fish health, water quality, water quantity, and ice thickness in their lifetime. Community members perceive these changes to be a result of the cumulative effects of environmental stressors. The indicators as well as trends and patterns being observed and experienced can contribute to both social learning in the community as well as the governance of the larger Mackenzie River Basin. |
![]() | Martin, Chelsea; Parlee, Brenda; Neyelle, Morris Fishing Livelihoods in the Mackenzie River Basin: Stories of the Délįne Got’ine Journal Article Sustainability, 12 (7888), 2020. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Canadian subarctic, climate change, Délįne, fishing livelihoods, Got’ine, Great Bear Lake, Mackenzie River Basin, oral histories, Sahtú, subsistence fishing, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) @article{Martin2020, title = {Fishing Livelihoods in the Mackenzie River Basin: Stories of the Délįne Got’ine}, author = {Chelsea Martin and Brenda Parlee and Morris Neyelle}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/su12197888}, doi = {10.3390/su12197888}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-09-24}, journal = {Sustainability}, volume = {12}, number = {7888}, abstract = {Climate change is among the greatest challenges facing Indigenous peoples. The impacts of climate change cannot be understood as only ecological or through models and projections. In this study, narratives from Indigenous peoples provide lived experience and insight of how social and ecological impacts are interconnected. Through collaborative research with the Sahtú Renewable Resources Board in the Northwest Territories Canada in the period 2018–2019, this paper shares the stories of the Délįne Got’ine peoples of Great Bear Lake (GBL), and how warming temperatures in the region impact fishing livelihoods. Specifically, we address the question, “What are the impacts of climate change on the fishing livelihoods of the Délįne Got’ine people?” Narratives from 21 semi-structured interviews reveal insights on six dimensions of fishing livelihoods. Analysis suggests the specific indicators of ecological change of concern to fishers and how those impact livelihoods over the short and long term. Given that the majority of research on climate change involving Indigenous peoples in Canada has focused on the high arctic and marine environments, this work is unique in its focus on the subarctic region and on freshwater ecosystems and livelihoods.}, keywords = {Canadian subarctic, climate change, Délįne, fishing livelihoods, Got’ine, Great Bear Lake, Mackenzie River Basin, oral histories, Sahtú, subsistence fishing, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK)}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Climate change is among the greatest challenges facing Indigenous peoples. The impacts of climate change cannot be understood as only ecological or through models and projections. In this study, narratives from Indigenous peoples provide lived experience and insight of how social and ecological impacts are interconnected. Through collaborative research with the Sahtú Renewable Resources Board in the Northwest Territories Canada in the period 2018–2019, this paper shares the stories of the Délįne Got’ine peoples of Great Bear Lake (GBL), and how warming temperatures in the region impact fishing livelihoods. Specifically, we address the question, “What are the impacts of climate change on the fishing livelihoods of the Délįne Got’ine people?” Narratives from 21 semi-structured interviews reveal insights on six dimensions of fishing livelihoods. Analysis suggests the specific indicators of ecological change of concern to fishers and how those impact livelihoods over the short and long term. Given that the majority of research on climate change involving Indigenous peoples in Canada has focused on the high arctic and marine environments, this work is unique in its focus on the subarctic region and on freshwater ecosystems and livelihoods. |
![]() | D’Souza, Amabel; Parlee, Brenda Fishing Livelihoods and Diversifications in the Mekong River Basin in the Context of the Pak Mun Dam, Thailand Journal Article Sustainability, 12 (7438), 2020. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: diversification, fishing livelihoods, hydroelectric development, local ecological knowledge, Pak Mun dam; Makong River basin, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) @article{D’Souza2020, title = {Fishing Livelihoods and Diversifications in the Mekong River Basin in the Context of the Pak Mun Dam, Thailand}, author = {Amabel D’Souza and Brenda Parlee}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187438}, doi = {10.3390/su12187438}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-09-10}, journal = {Sustainability}, volume = {12}, number = {7438}, abstract = {Fishing livelihoods are under stress in many regions of the world, including the lower Mekong river basin. Building on research on the socio-economic impacts of hydroelectric development, this paper explores the spatial dimensions of livelihood diversifications. Research in 2016 and 2017, involving 26 semi-structured interviews in nine upstream, downstream, tributary and relocated villages in the vicinity of the Pak Mun hydroelectric dam, provides insight into how villagers have coped and adapted fishing livelihoods over time. Results are consistent with other research that has detailed the adverse effects of hydroelectric development on fishing livelihoods. Interviewees in the nine communities in the Isan region of Thailand experienced declines in the abundance and diversity of fish valued as food, and engaged in other household economic activities to support their families, including rice farming, marketing of fishing assets and other innovations. Stories of youth leaving communities (rural-urban migration) in search of employment and education were also shared. Although exploratory, our work confronts theories that fishing is a livelihood practice of “last resort”. Narratives suggest that both fishing and diversification to other activities have been both necessary and a choice among villagers with the ultimate aim of offsetting the adverse impacts and associated insecurity created by the dam development.}, keywords = {diversification, fishing livelihoods, hydroelectric development, local ecological knowledge, Pak Mun dam; Makong River basin, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK)}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Fishing livelihoods are under stress in many regions of the world, including the lower Mekong river basin. Building on research on the socio-economic impacts of hydroelectric development, this paper explores the spatial dimensions of livelihood diversifications. Research in 2016 and 2017, involving 26 semi-structured interviews in nine upstream, downstream, tributary and relocated villages in the vicinity of the Pak Mun hydroelectric dam, provides insight into how villagers have coped and adapted fishing livelihoods over time. Results are consistent with other research that has detailed the adverse effects of hydroelectric development on fishing livelihoods. Interviewees in the nine communities in the Isan region of Thailand experienced declines in the abundance and diversity of fish valued as food, and engaged in other household economic activities to support their families, including rice farming, marketing of fishing assets and other innovations. Stories of youth leaving communities (rural-urban migration) in search of employment and education were also shared. Although exploratory, our work confronts theories that fishing is a livelihood practice of “last resort”. Narratives suggest that both fishing and diversification to other activities have been both necessary and a choice among villagers with the ultimate aim of offsetting the adverse impacts and associated insecurity created by the dam development. |
![]() | Oloriz, Carrie; Parlee, Brenda Towards Biocultural Conservation: Local and Indigenous Knowledge, Cultural Values and Governance of the White Sturgeon (Canada) Journal Article Sustainability, 12 (7320), 2020. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Conservation, cultural values, species at risk, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), White Sturgeon @article{Oloriz2020, title = {Towards Biocultural Conservation: Local and Indigenous Knowledge, Cultural Values and Governance of the White Sturgeon (Canada)}, author = {Carrie Oloriz and Brenda Parlee}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187320}, doi = {10.3390/su12187320}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-09-07}, journal = {Sustainability}, volume = {12}, number = {7320}, abstract = {This paper examines the extent to which Indigenous knowledge and values have informed conservation of the Lower Fraser River population of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in Canada. A review of grey literature and semi-structured interviews carried out with indigenous Stó:lō fishers and fisheries managers in the Lower Fraser Basin in 2016–2018 evidences the depth of knowledge held by Stó:lō fishers about this species and its importance to local communities. A summary of Stó:lō oral histories about the sturgeon and observations and experiences of settlement and development in the Fraser region, provides context for understanding why and how the white sturgeon came to be listed as a species at risk. However, the impacts were not only ecological; Stó:lō people were also significantly impacted by European settlement and development of the Fraser Basin over the last one hundred years. The assessment of the white sturgeon, under the Canadian Species at Risk Act in 2012 was a missed opportunity to decolonize current management approaches. The paper concludes by suggesting that a biocultural diversity conservation approach, that reflects both ecological and socio-cultural values, and is informed by scientific and Indigenous knowledge systems, is a more sustainable approach to the management of the white sturgeon and other species at risk.}, keywords = {Conservation, cultural values, species at risk, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), White Sturgeon}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This paper examines the extent to which Indigenous knowledge and values have informed conservation of the Lower Fraser River population of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) in Canada. A review of grey literature and semi-structured interviews carried out with indigenous Stó:lō fishers and fisheries managers in the Lower Fraser Basin in 2016–2018 evidences the depth of knowledge held by Stó:lō fishers about this species and its importance to local communities. A summary of Stó:lō oral histories about the sturgeon and observations and experiences of settlement and development in the Fraser region, provides context for understanding why and how the white sturgeon came to be listed as a species at risk. However, the impacts were not only ecological; Stó:lō people were also significantly impacted by European settlement and development of the Fraser Basin over the last one hundred years. The assessment of the white sturgeon, under the Canadian Species at Risk Act in 2012 was a missed opportunity to decolonize current management approaches. The paper concludes by suggesting that a biocultural diversity conservation approach, that reflects both ecological and socio-cultural values, and is informed by scientific and Indigenous knowledge systems, is a more sustainable approach to the management of the white sturgeon and other species at risk. |
2019 |
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Belanger, Brendan Tracking Denesoline Knowledge and Narratives along Ancestral Waters Masters Thesis University of Waterloo, 2019. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Canadian arctic, cultural values, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), travel @mastersthesis{Belanger2019, title = {Tracking Denesoline Knowledge and Narratives along Ancestral Waters}, author = {Brendan Belanger}, url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10012/14779, University of Waterloo UWSPACE link https://uwspace.uwaterloo.ca/bitstream/handle/10012/14779/Belanger_Brendan.pdf, University of Waterloo PDF link}, doi = {10012/14779}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-06-26}, address = {University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1}, school = {University of Waterloo}, abstract = {The south slave region of the Great Slave Lake in the Northwest Territories of Canada is the home of the Łutsël K’é Dene First Nation (LKDFN) (Pelly, 1996). Like many Indigenous communities across Canada, the Denesoline relationships with their ancestral lands have become increasingly more vulnerable due to ecological, and sociological changes occurring in the sub-arctic regions of Canada (Holmes et al, 2016; Asfeldt & Henderson, 2010; Pelly 1996). Previous studies indicate how these changes affect the livelihoods of Denesoline communities but tend to ignore the contemporary spaces wherein Denesoline livelihoods are present. This study builds upon current literature by contextualising the positive and negative aspects of ecological and social change within the experiences of LKDFN representatives participating in a multi-day travel experience. This study illuminates Denesoline livelihoods in the present through the application of Northern, Indigenous, community-based research and by illuminating the knowledge through the narratives of land users, elders, and youth involved. The study’s principle aim has been to work in partnership with LKDFN representatives to document how traditional land-based knowledge and narratives can contribute to Dene self-determination, land and water governance, and cultural livelihoods.}, keywords = {Canadian arctic, cultural values, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), travel}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {mastersthesis} } The south slave region of the Great Slave Lake in the Northwest Territories of Canada is the home of the Łutsël K’é Dene First Nation (LKDFN) (Pelly, 1996). Like many Indigenous communities across Canada, the Denesoline relationships with their ancestral lands have become increasingly more vulnerable due to ecological, and sociological changes occurring in the sub-arctic regions of Canada (Holmes et al, 2016; Asfeldt & Henderson, 2010; Pelly 1996). Previous studies indicate how these changes affect the livelihoods of Denesoline communities but tend to ignore the contemporary spaces wherein Denesoline livelihoods are present. This study builds upon current literature by contextualising the positive and negative aspects of ecological and social change within the experiences of LKDFN representatives participating in a multi-day travel experience. This study illuminates Denesoline livelihoods in the present through the application of Northern, Indigenous, community-based research and by illuminating the knowledge through the narratives of land users, elders, and youth involved. The study’s principle aim has been to work in partnership with LKDFN representatives to document how traditional land-based knowledge and narratives can contribute to Dene self-determination, land and water governance, and cultural livelihoods. | |
Martin, Chelsea The Importance of Traditional Ecological Knowledge during times of Change in the Sahtú Region Masters Thesis University of Alberta, 2019. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) @mastersthesis{Martin2019, title = {The Importance of Traditional Ecological Knowledge during times of Change in the Sahtú Region}, author = {Chelsea Martin}, url = { https://era.library.ualberta.ca/items/31da358f-d2b6-4d1f-b7fa-cee15409dc65/download/4bb3fd3b-48a5-49f8-bbc4-bbcd045ed34e, University of Alberta PDF link}, doi = {10.7939/r3-64ca-w573}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-06-04}, address = {University of Alberta, Faculty of Agriculture, Life & Environmental Sciences, Resource Economics & Environmental Sociology, Edmonton, AB}, school = {University of Alberta}, abstract = {This study aims to provide insight into the phenomenon and impacts of climate change in the Canadian Subarctic region, based on research with youth and elders from the community of Délįne located on Great Bear Lake (GBL) in the Mackenzie River Basin. In collaboration with the Sahtú Renewable Resources Board, the thesis research focused on understanding two key questions. What is climate change from the perspective of Délįne Got’ine people and their traditional knowledge (oral histories) of climate in the region? What are the impacts of climate change on the fishing livelihoods of the Délįne Got’ine people? Over the course of one month, 21 semi-structured interviews were carried out and the results were analyzed and verified with community members. In addition to contributing practical outcomes to decision-makers in the community and the region, the work may also be considered important to the territorial and federal government whose climate change policies have been based on limited traditional knowledge. Given that the majority of research on climate change involving Indigenous peoples in Canada has focused on the high arctic and marine environments, the work is unique in its focus in the sub- arctic region and relative to freshwater ecosystems and livelihoods.}, keywords = {Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK)}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {mastersthesis} } This study aims to provide insight into the phenomenon and impacts of climate change in the Canadian Subarctic region, based on research with youth and elders from the community of Délįne located on Great Bear Lake (GBL) in the Mackenzie River Basin. In collaboration with the Sahtú Renewable Resources Board, the thesis research focused on understanding two key questions. What is climate change from the perspective of Délįne Got’ine people and their traditional knowledge (oral histories) of climate in the region? What are the impacts of climate change on the fishing livelihoods of the Délįne Got’ine people? Over the course of one month, 21 semi-structured interviews were carried out and the results were analyzed and verified with community members. In addition to contributing practical outcomes to decision-makers in the community and the region, the work may also be considered important to the territorial and federal government whose climate change policies have been based on limited traditional knowledge. Given that the majority of research on climate change involving Indigenous peoples in Canada has focused on the high arctic and marine environments, the work is unique in its focus in the sub- arctic region and relative to freshwater ecosystems and livelihoods. | |
Oloriz, Carrie Royal Roads University, 2019. Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: biocultural conservation, cultural values, Giant Catfish, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), White Sturgeon @mastersthesis{Oloriz2019, title = {Towards biocultural diversity conservation. Knowledge, cultural values and governance of species at risk : the case of the White Sturgeon (Canada) and the Mekong Giant Catfish (Thailand)}, author = {Carrie Oloriz}, url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10613/12776, Royal Roads University link https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/12776/Oloriz_royalroads_1313O_10613.pdf, Royal Roads University PDF link}, doi = {10.25316/IR-7090}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-06-03}, address = {Royal Roads University, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada}, school = {Royal Roads University}, abstract = {To better understand the concept of biocultural diversity and its value in species conservation, my research explored the role of local fishers’ knowledge and cultural values in decision-making about the conservation of threatened, culturally significant fish in the Lower Fraser River (Canada) and the Mekong River (Thailand). This thesis uses exploratory, qualitative research into the case of the White Sturgeon or “skō:wech” (Acipenser transmountanus), and the Mekong Giant Catfish or “Plaa buek” (Pangasius gigas). Through semi-structured interviews and a review of existing information, this research set out to determine: 1) What kinds of knowledge do local fishers have about threatened species? 2) Are Local and Traditional Ecological Knowledge influencing processes (research, assessment, monitoring) and informing conservation strategies for threatened species? If so, how? 3) Do cultural values influence conservation strategies for threatened species? If so, how? 4) Are there any opportunities to increase the role of local knowledge and cultural values to enhance existing conservation strategies and achieve both biological and cultural diversity conservation? Results suggest although there are some examples of success, there are opportunities to increase the influence local fishers’ knowledge and values have in current approaches employed to conserve species with special conservation status. Maintaining some level of traditional fishery, and support for cultural practices, education and outreach are critical aspects of maintaining culture, values and knowledge systems linked to these threatened species.}, keywords = {biocultural conservation, cultural values, Giant Catfish, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), White Sturgeon}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {mastersthesis} } To better understand the concept of biocultural diversity and its value in species conservation, my research explored the role of local fishers’ knowledge and cultural values in decision-making about the conservation of threatened, culturally significant fish in the Lower Fraser River (Canada) and the Mekong River (Thailand). This thesis uses exploratory, qualitative research into the case of the White Sturgeon or “skō:wech” (Acipenser transmountanus), and the Mekong Giant Catfish or “Plaa buek” (Pangasius gigas). Through semi-structured interviews and a review of existing information, this research set out to determine: 1) What kinds of knowledge do local fishers have about threatened species? 2) Are Local and Traditional Ecological Knowledge influencing processes (research, assessment, monitoring) and informing conservation strategies for threatened species? If so, how? 3) Do cultural values influence conservation strategies for threatened species? If so, how? 4) Are there any opportunities to increase the role of local knowledge and cultural values to enhance existing conservation strategies and achieve both biological and cultural diversity conservation? Results suggest although there are some examples of success, there are opportunities to increase the influence local fishers’ knowledge and values have in current approaches employed to conserve species with special conservation status. Maintaining some level of traditional fishery, and support for cultural practices, education and outreach are critical aspects of maintaining culture, values and knowledge systems linked to these threatened species. |